Texto de minha autoria, publicado hoje no jornal Correio Braziliense.
Nos primeiros anos do século passado, mesmo sob o impacto da Abolição, que afetou diretamente o desempenho da economia brasileira, o governo da República abraçou a missão quase impossível de levar o pais à industrialização, à modernização.
Para tanto, uma das apostas dos presidentes Campos Sales (1898/1902) e do seu sucessor Rodrigues Alves (1902/1906) foi a publicação de Decretos que financiaram ações de propaganda, com o objetivo de divulgar no exterior qualidades econômicas e geográficas do país, mas principalmente produtos agrícolas brasileiros para, assim, atrair investidores e abrir novos mercados.
O café, pilar da economia na época, foi o primeiro garoto-propaganda. Em 1901, o governo liberou por meio do Decreto nº 4.207, de 22 de outubro, crédito de 70 contos de réis para o Ministério da Indústria, Viação e Obras Públicas organizar serviços de propaganda do nosso café nos países onde o Brasil possuía Consulado.
Temendo a desestabilização da economia, outros setores opuseram-se ao protecionismo governamental, questionando fortemente a intervenção da República no setor cafeeiro. Pressionado, o governo passou a investir na propaganda de outros produtos brasileiros. Em 2 de julho de 1902, por meio do Decreto nº 4.446, liberou 50 contos de réis para o Ministério da Indústria, Viação e Obras Públicas desenvolver esforços de propaganda com o intuito de divulgar além-mar o xisto betuminoso, oriundo da cidade de Marahú, na Bahia.
Ainda em 1902, o gás natural do Recife também foi socorrido pelo governo. Para desenvolver ações de propaganda do gás pernambucano nos Estados Unidos, o município recebeu o crédito de 15 contos de réis do Ministério da Indústria, Viação e Obras Públicas, por meio do Decreto nº 4.612, de 23 de outubro.
Os presidentes Campos Sales e Rodrigues Alves não imaginavam que a estratégia de usar a comunicação para fortalecimento mercadológico e promoção de imagem seria instituída como ferramenta de governo. Para alcançar os mais variados objetivos, ações de comunicação planejadas foram rapidamente incorporadas ao senso comum da cultura política do pais, evoluindo para o que hoje conhecemos como propaganda institucional e propaganda mercadológica.
Veja os Decretos originais:
domingo, outubro 07, 2007
Do gás ao café, a propaganda como ferramenta da República.
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Série Histórias da Propaganda Governamental
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